ANALYSIS OF SPECIES’ COMPOSITION, DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL RATIO OF MALARIA MOSQUITOS OF NORTHWESTERN REGION OF BLACK SEA COAST

Abstract

As a result of the research of 2015-2016 years, 5 types of malaria mosquitos
were found on the territory of the North-West Black Sea Coast: A. atroparvus,
А. claviger, A. maculipennis, A. messeae, A. hyrcanus. The Anopheles maculipennis
species consist of three varieties: A. maculipennis, A. messeae, A. atroparvus.
Persistent larval biotops of the carrier were detected in 35 locations out of 58 studied.
All these biotopes are within and near settlements. The biotopic confinement of the
studied species is determined. The relative stability of the populations of species
A. atroparvus and A. hyrcanus with small fluctuations, stable dominance of the
gallophilic species A. atroparvus over A. hyrcanus in the Black Sea steppe zone is
shown. The spreading of species A. atroparvus can be explained by the large amount
of salty reservoir of Odessa region. Within the embankment of Hadzhibeysky estuary,
there is an accurate contrast of selective specialization by biotope of two species of
malarial mosquitoes A. atroparvus and А. claviger. The prevailing species in
floodplains of Dniester is A. messeae. Prevalence of A. messeae in floodplains and
A. atroparvus in the riverside of Black sea can be explained by different character of
larval biotypes typical of these landscapes. Floodplains of Dniester, the Dry Estuary
and the rivers which flood it, fields of irrigation of Odessa are anofelogenny
reservoirs of this region. The relative stability of specie’s composition, with small
fluctuations during the warm season, is generally due to hydrological factors of the
region. The territory of North-west Black Sea Coast is a zone of a potential malaria
presence.
Key words: malaria mosquito, malaria, cytogenetics, Anopheles maculipennis
sibing species complex.