ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L. UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE URBANIZED ENVIRONMENT OF KAMYANTS-PODILSKY
Abstract
The functional state of Aesculus hippocastanum L., in particular water regime, in
conditions of urbanized environment of the city of Kamyanets-Podilsky is analyzed.
The research was carried out on selected sites related to various ecologicalphytocenotic belts (EFB). The relative water content, the water-repellent and waterretaining ability of leaves, the rate of drought-tolerance and the deficiency of aqueous
saturation were studied. It is established that the water regime of A. hippocastanum
depends on the conditions of growth. At the points of study relating to III-IV EFB in
the leaves of A. hippocastanum, as compared to the control that grew in the II EFP,
there was a decrease in the total water content, a decrease in the water retention
coefficient, a drought-resistant coefficient, and an increase in the water retention
coefficient and water deficit. The conclusion is made of the low level of adaptation of
A. hippocastanum to the unfavorable conditions of growth in street landings in the
Kamyanets-Podilsky. Water forms a large part of the cell's content, acts as an
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environment and participates in a number of biochemical processes as a factor that
provides turgor and stabilizes body temperature, performs transport function, binds
different cells, tissues, organs, acts as a shock absorber for mechanical damage etc.
Therefore, changes in the water regime cause changes in many metabolic processes in
plants.
To date, there is a global temperature increase, a decrease in soil moisture and
rainfall, which requires detailed study and disclosure of physiological and molecular
biochemical mechanisms for the formation and regulation of drought tolerance of
plants [3, 4]. This is especially true of tree species, which are unique indicators of
environmental conditions and pollution of the environment, fulfill an important
ecospheric function, play the role of universal natural filters for the purification of
soil, air and water from man-caused pollution, have significant architectural, medical
and national economic significance.
Key words: urboecosystem, water regime, Aesculus hippocastanum, KamyanetsPodilsky.