ASCOMYCOTA AND BASIDIOMYCOTA FUNGI OF THE LANDSCAPE WILDLIFE PRESERVE OF NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE "SAGI" (KHERSON REGION, UKRAINE)

Abstract

The main tasks of the protected objects are preservation of the natural complexes
and their components in the primeval or least modified state. Landscape Reserve
"Saga" is created in the tract of "Saga" of Tsyurupinsky district of Kherson region in
order to preserve the unique biogeocomplexes of the Nizhnedneprovsky arenas
(Oleshkovsky arena). The reserve area (500 ha) covers the group of psamophytic
steppes with forest, meadow, halophytic and water marsh vegetation. Complex
preservation and restoration of biodiversity of natural ecosystems is impossible
without a critical study of all components of the biota - flora, fauna, mycobiota. In the
system of general environmental monitoring, special attention is given to mycological
studies, taking into account the need to control the spread of phytopathogenic
mikobiota.
The article discusses the species composition of mycobiota and its structural
characteristics in conditions of the natural complexes of the landscape reserve “Sagi”.
As a result of our research, a species diversity of fungi has been established, which
includes 61 species from 48 genera of 30 families of 15 orders of 4 classes of
Ascomycota s.l and Basidiomycota. The characteristic features of the taxonomic
structure of the investigated mycobiota are the predominance of representatives of the
orders Agaricales, Erysiphales and Diaporthales, families of Erysiphaceae and
Agaricaceae, genus Erysiphe. Humus saprotrophs, biotrophs and saprotrophic
xylotrophs predominate in the ecological structure of the identified species
composition. The found species of micromycetes are form consortium connections with
20 species of vascular plants from 15 families. The greatest number of fungal consorts
is associated whis Betula borysthenica Klokov. Phytopathogenic fungi form
predominantly indifferent consortia with plants.
Keywords: Ascomycota s.l., Basidiomycota, species diversity, taxonomic
structure, ecological structure, «Sagi», steppe zone.