SPECIES COMPOSITION OF MACROPHYTES AND ICHTHYOFAUNA OF LAKE MARTYSHIV (KYIV, OSOKORKY) AS IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF THE INTACT FLOODPLAIN COMPLEXES

Abstract

The article examines the species composition of macrophytes (higher aquatic plants) and ichthyofauna of Lake Martyshiv (waterbody of the Osokorky floodplain, eco-corridor of Kyiv). The features of the ecological distribution of higher aquatic plants within the lake Martyshiv are analyzed. The macrophytes are represented by typical limnophilous (lacustrine) complexes. The presence of various groups of macrophytes in the lake indicates a low level of anthropogenic load and is not so different from the values characteristic of a surface water files under standard conditions. 22 species of higher aquatic plants have been registered. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Typha angustifolia L. and Typha latifolia L are the most common swamping indicator species. Among the studied plants, it should be noted Nuphar lutea (L.) Smith which is protected on the territory of Kyiv in accordance with the decision of the Kyiv Council of December 23, 2004 No. 880/2290.

In the ichthyofauna of Lake Martyshiv, 30 species of fish that belong to 9 families were identified. In the structure of ichthyocenosis, phytophils (50%) and zoobenthophages (50%) were the dominant ecological groups in terms of the method of oviposition and the type of nutrition, respectively. According to the habitat in the reservoir, bottom fish and thicket-living categories prevailed (43.3 and 33.3%, respectively). Four species were found in the ichthyofauna of the lake (Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782), Cobitis taenia (sl) Linnaeus, 1758, Misgurnus fossilis (Linnaeus, 1758), Aspius aspius Linnaeus, 1758), which are included to the list of Resolution of the 6^th Berne Convention that was adopted to create the Emerald Network. In addition, Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758, listed in the Red Book of Ukraine, as well as the elm Leuciscus idus Linnaeus, 1758, which was included in the new edition of the Red Book of Ukraine, were discovered.

The research results illustrate preliminary data on the current distribution of species and biological diversity of aquatic ecosystems of the Osokorky floodplain. The presence of a number of ecological groups of macrophytes creates a number of biotopes that are important for the existence and reproduction of fish. The preservation of Lake Martyshiv in a less transformed state provides grounds for the creation of a landscape reserve of local importance.